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Tooth: the alveolar socket and the root, an enlarged detail (decalcinated specimen, HE)

1. dentine

2. cementum

3. periodontal membrane: the dense parts, or "ligaments"

4. periodontal membrane: the loose interstitial spaces

5. periodontal blood vessels (vasa periodontalia longitudinalia)

6. alveolar socket: woven bone in the inner side

7. alveolar socket: the inner compact plate of the bone (lamina dura)

8. alveolar socket: the cancellous bone

9. yellow bone marrow

10. alveolar socket: the outer compact plate of the bone (lamina corticalis)

11. Haversian canal in oblique plane of section

The figure demonstrates a detail of a root of tooth with the alveolar socket, in cross section. Note the structure of the periodontal membrane: dense and loose areas alternate with each other, instead of a homogeneous dense connective tissue. The blood vessels course perpendicularly along the root of tooth, in the loose parts. The term parodontium comprises all tissues, which surround and fix the tooth. The term periodontium is used as a synonym of the periodontal membrane, but sometimes as that of the parodontium. On the inner surface of the alveolar socket an early, non-lamellar type of the bone, the so-called woven bone is formed. The figure also demonstrates the structure of the mature, lamellar bone with HE staining, in the other parts of the alveolar socket.

Tooth: the alveolar socket and the root, an enlarged detail (decalcinated specimen, HE)

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